Past Exam Paper

The current obligation area of the organization's Balance Sheet on 30 June 2011 should appear: a. Bank Loan $100,000. b. Bank Loan $500,000. c. Bank Loan $500,000, Interest Payable $50,000. d. Bank Loan $1 00,000; Interest Payable $50,000. e. Bank Loan $1 00,000; Interest Payable $20,000. 4. Ham Ltd is going to issue $30 Million of debentures with a 7% coupon rate in the open obligation advertise. On the date of issue the market pace of premium is 6%. What amount should Ham hope to get for the issue of debentures (barring any exchange cost). a. $30 million b. More than $30 million c.Less than $30 million d. $31 million e. The appropriate response can't be resolved from the data given Page 1 of 18 ACCT 7101: Accounting-Final Examination, Second Semester, 2011 5. Isolation of obligations includes: a. Guaranteeing that lone representatives with proper bookkeeping capabilities work in the bookkeeping office. b. Genuinely ensuring delicate resources. c. Giving each staff part an individua l secret key. d. Guaranteeing installments are possibly made when joined by suitable approved documentation. e. Isolating record-shielding from treatment of benefits. 6.When pperforming bank compromise, the completion balance on the Bank Statement ought to be balanced for which of the accompanying things to acquire the right Cash at Bank balance? a. Shamed (NSF) checks. b. Unpresented checks. c. Mistakes made by the bookkeeper. d. Premium got by the bank. e. The entirety of the abovementioned. 7. Truckie Ltd utilizes the never-ending stock framework. stock? b. Dr Accounts Receivable, Cr Sales income. In what manner should it record a credit offer of a. Dr COGS, Cr Inventory; Dr Accounts Receivable, Cr Sales income. c. Dr Inventory, Cr COGS; Dr Accounts Receivable, Cr Sales income

Macbeth - Downfall Of A Hero :: essays research papers

Macbeth’s make progress toward power influences each part of his life, and this inspiration in the long run prompts his death. A wide range of components assume a critical job in choosing his disastrous future. With his wife’s coaxing, and the three witches’ prognosticating of his future Macbeth, will remain determined to pick up position as King of Scotland. The witches and their predictions are the principal significant effect on Macbeth’s activities. Macbeth, Thane of Glamis is content with his situation, until the three witches let him know, "hail to thee, Thane of Cawdor, thou shalt be King hereafter." (I, iii.). In the wake of hearing this, Macbeth and Banquo, his faithful companion, discover that King Duncan has named Macbeth "Thane of Cawdor." They consider about how the remainder of the prescience will work out as expected. The witches likewise prompt them that Banquo’s child would be King one day. Macbeth composes a letter to Lady Macbeth clarifying what has occurred. Macbeth goes to the acknowledgment that for him to in certainty become King, he should crush as of late named beneficiary to the seat, Malcolm, the King’s child, and furthermore forestall Banqou’s child from accessing the seat. Macbeth gets back and he and his significant other must play host to the King. Woman Macbeth starts to ponder what "impedes thee from the brilliant round" (I, v). She urgently needs her Macbeth to be King and she calls upon the "aids of sprits"(I, v) to help her as she continued looking for the seat. Woman Macbeth demands that the, "sprits that tend on mortal thoughts," to unsex her, and fill her with the "direst cruelty†¦" (I, v.). The otherworldly world will help her in the solidifying of her heart and make it feasible for her to complete her malevolent arrangement. Woman Macbeth wishes to toss out her ethical quality for increasing a title. With the assistance of imperceptible sprits, she needs to make herself ready to submit an intolerable demonstration of homicide to make her fantasies of the imperial life work out, without having reservations or regret. She moves toward Macbeth with her plan to slaughter King Duncan. Macbeth, albeit needing the prescience to work out as expected, and become lord, comes up short on the excitement as his significant other does, to submit the homicide. Woman Macbeth urges Macbeth to follow up on his wants or he will consider himself a quitter. Lord Duncan is welcome to Macbeth’s manor, and it is there that he will be executed.

MAE504case3 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MAE504case3 - Research Paper Example This is indistinguishable from hypothesis gotten deductively from amazing hypothesis, without help of information. This could wind up fitting no information by any means. Grounded hypothesis tends to the contentions realized by different speculations particularly the fantastic hypothesis, which individuals guarantee, is indistinguishable from grounded hypothesis. While terrific hypothesis may wind up fitting no information particularly in the event that it doesn't pick up information help, grounded hypothesis relies upon nothing and guarantees a total dataset (Bryant and Charmaz, 2007). All examination hypotheses support grounded hypothesis since they all fall under a similar classification. For instance, grounded hypothesis and stupendous hypothesis are pretty much the equivalent in light of the fact that them two location the issue of information. Them two are utilized in filling the databases from the results built up on the ground after a broad research. Simply, similar to the next research speculations, for example, marking and polished skill hypotheses, grounded, hypothesis takes a case other than practical viewpoint (Bryant and Charmaz, 2007). This makes separation of this point of view practically outlandish. This demonstrates the scientist takes particular cases to be finished, in which the factors cooperate as a unit to produce a few results. All the examination hypotheses utilize case-arranged viewpoint in looking at how factors collaborate. The essential idea of the grounded hypothesis approach is to peruse a literary database like a corpus of field notes. This is done to distinguish or mark factors generally alluded to as ideas, classes, and properties, just as, their interrelationships (Bryant and Charmaz, 2007). The ability to recognize factors and affiliations is called â€Å"theoretical sensitivity†. This is affected by the numeral of things fascinating a person’s perusing of writing and his work of methods organized to encourage empathy. This implies the methodological way to deal with grounded hypothesis is through hypothetical affectability. It is

Abstractness of Racism - Free Essay Example

The United States of America the piping hot, effervescing â€Å"melting pot of the world†. This term was coined in the late 1880’s due to mass European emigration for various reasons. Instead of refusing these fleeing souls, the idea of acceptance, regardless of race, was universally preached. The melting pot was used to symbolize the creation of a cohesive, new American culture and identity. This, in some ways did occur. However, this preconception is more than wrong. Our society is a salad bowl; an uneven mixture of different ingredients mixed randomly that all come together to represent a salad yet still hold fast to their own, respective identities. This â€Å"salad† has had and still has many problems. Throughout history and in recent times, Racial tensions have proliferated greatly and have become more profound and frequent, raising questions about the future of our nation, due to our inability to resolve these domestic issues. As complicated as these issues are, they are based on the abstract concept that is Race. Race is not real. Race is merely a social category we choose and are influenced to abide by, not something that is scientifically backed nor is it genetically driven. Through the examination of societal implicit biases, the true science behind human identity and appearance and decades of research, the overbearing blanket perspective that Race is hereditary will sanguinely dissolve or change. Conceptual Abstraction: Is Math Racist? To challenge a generalized and accepted notion, one must attack directly. Race is not a biological nor genetic attribute. Race, similar to concepts like Arithmetic, are abstract – â€Å"existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence† and defined as ‘insufficiently factual†, â€Å"difficult to understand† and â€Å"dissociated from any specific instance by Merriam Webster. All of these definitions ring true for the topic of race. Adam Rutherford, British geneticist and author of A Brief History of Everyone Who Ever Lived, states that he is â€Å"unaware of any group of people that can be defined by their DNA in a scientifically satisfactory way† and proceeds to states that in terms of science and â€Å"as far as genetics are concerned, race does not exist† (Rutherford 218-219). With this, Rutherford also states that genetic sciences are founded on the â€Å"studies of racial inequalities of a racistâ⠂¬ . To solidify this argument, that race is abstract we compare it to the previous mentioned abstract concept, mathematics. Francis Galton, the Victorian scientist and half cousin of Charles Darwin, measured the biometrics of different people of different ethnic backgrounds and categorized them, mathematically, through statistics. Galton utilizes this quantitative data to validate He labels Chinese as â€Å"materialistic†, â€Å"Negroes† as vastly inferior, â€Å"Hindoos† as lacking in â€Å"strength and business habits† and that the â€Å"Arab[s]†¦Ã¢â‚¬  are merely â€Å"eaters †¦of other men’s produce†¦ a destroyer† (Rutherford 227). Despite his biased views and corrupted motivation for this development, Galton invented modern statistical tools we continue to use to this day and began the trek in human biometrics. He introduced the idea of â€Å"nature versus nurture†, which propounds conflict between these two factors, when in actuality they work together conjunctly. (Rutherford). Race has played a significant role in the studying and research of genetics. Galton was not the only prominent geneticist who spouted racist views. James Watson, co-discoverer of the double helix structure of DNA – expressed racist views shown by his various tests, measuring the capacity and actuality of human intelligence in different categories, groups and settings, all of which based upon the color of one’s skin (Malloy). Though morally, one wishes that the way he talks about race has no logical legitimacy but there is some truth to it. Jason Malloy states that Watson’s â€Å"Intelligence tests do reveal large differences between European and sub-Saharan African nations, the evidence does link these differences to universally valued outcomes, both within and between nations† (Malloy). One can easily argue that this is due to environmental factors. No research is needed to justify the fact the European cities are more developed than Sub-Saharan communiti es. With development, there is a greater chance for better education and employment. Nonetheless, the science which was developed to validate intellect capacity due to physical differences between humans, has ironically done the opposite; Modern Genetics have proven that there is no essential foundation for people of different groups. The quickest rebuttal to this is the fact that different groups of people have different values in terms of pigmentation. Skin color, and specifically the lightness or darkness, is determined by one gene mutation. Elizabeth Kolbert of the National Geographic explains the simplicity of the difference in skin color as â€Å"the mutation that’s most responsible for giving Europeans lighter skin is a single tweak in a gene known as SLC24A5, which consists of roughly 20,000 base pairs. In one position, where most sub-Saharan Africans have a G, Europeans have an A (Kolbert)†. The difference of one letter, one chemical is the basis for our separation and categorization of humans. Yes, there are various inherited and physical trai ts, the most recognizable being physiognomies, that are concomitant with certain populations, however, these traits do not belong solely to groups they are initially categorized with or with any group. A clear example of this are the physical similarities between various Hispanic people and those of Middle Eastern descent. Common physical features do not equate to common genetics but still are grouped into a racial category. In his article, Rutherford presents this example that Tibetans, who are visually similar to many other Asians, would be grouped as Chinese. However, Tibetans are genetically adapted to high altitude, rendering Chinese people more similar to Europeans than their superficially similar neighbors, in terms of genetics and adaptation (Rutherford). These regional adaptations are concrete, yet the means in which we comprehend and act upon that physical difference is based solely upon the if we categorize these features with other features, which then get grouped as commonalties for a race. Humans are too â€Å"horny and mobile†, and in that way we are the same. We are not separated by Race Race doesn’t exist, yet racism does. A question which is utilized frequently in order to solidify the fact that race is real is that â€Å"If Race Is Not Real, why is Racism Real?† Upon first encounter, one sees it as common sense. There’s no way Race is not real if people still treat others differently. This is the intended point. People and Society naturally categorize things, as stated in the Blindspot. However, one can still choose how they interact and go about this individual or groups of those different from oneself. Back to Math, Statistics, developed by Galton, were solely invented in order to prove White Superiority over other races. Math itself is an abstract concept in which society as a whole has globally accepted as a truth. No one questions if One is One or if 76 is truly 76, it is merely known and understood. Same goes for race. No one questions why we automatically categorize people with attributes. There is nothing wrong with categorizing people into groups, until these groups are inaccur ately labeled in some ways. A group of Jews, whether it be those of Israel or those of the Jewish faith, are a group of Jews, not stingy or frugal. The thin, almost-transparent line between categorization and stereotyping must be broadened, in order to defer this active racism. Additionally, Racism served, and can be argued that it still serves, as justification. The media does an unfortunately excellent job of playing off this tension and vulnerability by utilizing almost a macro-level version of confirmation bias and general stereotypes. The best known examples are White Extremists such as the Ku Klux Klan. Their overtly violent racism is merely justified by the fact that White Culture is American Culture, expressed through chants such as â€Å"You will not replace us†. Another form of justification is the need for them to ameliorate society. Some felt a moral responsibility to Eugenics, the negative connotation of this word, which played a large role in the forced and unknown sterilization of 20,000 minority men and women in California. Seen as helping control poverty and crime in the United States, these medical staff prided themselves as heroes, when really they committed 20,000+ murders. This shows the solidifying of racism. This engrained idealism of racial superiority has plagued our nation for too long. Our natural categorization is not wrong, but the values and that certain groups are branded by are. The word â€Å"Race† typically is utilized in a negative means, in order to differentiate different people. Race was and is a societal construct of institutionalism, developed in order to justify the oppression of those of color. Race is not real, but people who utilize physical and ethnic differences are. The only way to ameliorate this issue is by breaking societal norms and pushing for more integration, breaking known mold that is the â€Å"common† American and smoldering the various ethnic identities into one, conjunctive melting pot.

The Tactics Of Nonviolent Action - 729 Words

To accept Gene Sharp’s argument that the techniques of nonviolent action are more effective than the violence of military action, we must first comprehend Gene Sharps interpretation of what military action is. Gene Sharp defines military action, when he states â€Å"Military action is based largely on the idea that the most effective way of defeating an enemy is by inflicting heavy destruction on his armies, military equipment, transport system, and cities.† Sharp accuses weapons for being the reason society accepts military action as the most effective means of defeating an enemy, for that weapons are designed to murder or destroy with maximal efficiency. Sharps belief, that any prospective replacements for war in the aegis of freedom must involve possessing and utilizing strength, colliding and testing an invaders military ability and power, and conducting efficient combat, can be achieved through nonviolent action. The techniques of nonviolent action follow Sharps credentials for being a substitute of war, by wielding power, confronting and engaging an invader’s military might, and waging an effective fight. For that, when performing a method of nonviolent action by declining aid and cooperation to a ruler’s power, it makes it impossible for a ruler to exercise authority over the population. A ruler can only successfully possess complete power, with public conformity over the people he or she rules. This ultimately constitutes nonviolent action as the most suitableShow MoreRelatedProtest Movement Essay1341 Words   |  6 Pages Protest Marches in 1960s Civil Rights Movement as A Nonviolent Tactic. We will show around the world that it is a lie that rulers have said black people are satisfied with the present situation (Electronic Journal, 2007, para. 3). This is the part of what Martin Luther King, Jr. said to explain how his nonviolent tactics work for acquiring civil rights of African Americans. In fact, nonviolent tactics contributed to several progresses of the civil rights movement, though it unfortunatelyRead MoreMartin Luther King Rhetorical Analysis1260 Words   |  6 Pagescan King justify using others’ violence to argue for nonviolence? Even though King’s tactics seems contradictory, it did help to encourage â€Å"white moderates† to advance his cause for equality, avoiding the violence of extremist groups. King was the leading voice in the fight against racial segregation and aided in amending the nation’s moral values. The way in which people thought about their actions, the actions of others, and that of the government were challenged and reexamined, which was necessaryRead MoreLetter From Birmingham Jail And Nonviolent Protests Essay1569 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Letter from Birmingham jail† and Nonviolent Protests In Martin Luther King Jr’s â€Å"Letter from Birmingham jail†, King talks about his imprisonment for his involvement in a nonviolent protest and defends his rights and moral grounds for organizing nonviolent protest activities. In this essay, I will look at his views on nonviolent protest and how they differ from todays violent protests. To understand King’s views on nonviolent protest, I will start by summarizing some of the main points in his â€Å"LetterRead MoreEssay Philosophies and Tactics of Dr. King and Malcolm X1492 Words   |  6 Pageswhite contributed to the development of rights for African Americans and other minorities. Among them, Martin Luther King and Malcolm X had an everlasting effect on the treatment of minorities in the United States. Although their philosophies and tactics differed greatly, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X helped shape the Civil Rights Movement and make the United States a better place for people regardless of their race. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X had different beliefs and goalsRead MoreCivil Disobedience, By Henry David Thoreau1650 Words   |  7 Pagesmedia against a president they cannot accept. Nonviolent resistance has, in many ways, defined the resistance to authoritarian governments and decisions in the past century or so. But is it the most effective way to defeat authoritarian governments? Doesn’t defeating a truly authoritarian government -- a government led by a ruthless leader like Hitler -- require violence? Is using nonviolent resistance actually a way to acquiesce to the controlling powers, a way to show weakness? In his 1849Read More##eau, Gandhi, And King And Henry David Thoreaus Civil Disobedience1317 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen changing. Instead of using violent tactics, such as war and destruction, reformers such as Thoreau, Gandhi, and King have brought about a more impactful way of protesting. Nonviolent protests are one of the most successful ways to bring about change, and it is through this method that we achieve our goals while at the same time keeping the peace. Setting a precedent even in the 21st century, Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience underlines the basis of nonviolent protests, and his essay has been used inRead MoreAnalysis Of Letter From Birmingham Jail1074 Words   |  5 Pagesserving a prison sentence in a jail in Birmingham, Alabama for nonviolently protesting through sit ins and marches.. It was during this time that King, outraged by the criticism of his methods of nonviolent direct action, wrote one of the most thoughtful arguments for civil disobedience and direct action against unjust and immoral laws. King’s Letter from Birmingham Jail was a poignant rebuttal to critics and clarified his argument, inspiring much of the American youth to rebel against the racialRead MoreCompare And Contrast Antigone And Martin Luther King1006 Words   |  5 Pagespassive action is the best and most moral way to achieve desired results, while others insist that forceful action quickly leads to a superior outcome. For instance, Antigone and Martin Luther King Jr. each fought against different injustices by utilizing nonviolent, but direct action. The two greatly felt the need for change, accepted the responsibility of their endeavors, and sacrificed their lives for important causes. While both passionately advocated for their beliefs, King’s tactics were moreRead MoreAnalysis of Mlks Three Ways of Meeting Oppression755 Words   |  4 Pageshas previously been addressed, such as submission and violence, and the best way to handle oppressive sit uations, by solving the problem from its core. King viewed succumbing to the hardships of oppression the same as accepting and condoning the actions of the oppressor. He reasoned this idea since the absence of opposition perpetuates oppression for the future generations. Therefore, one who does not stand up for rights and freedoms for themselves are condoning the maltreatment of their offspringRead MoreWhy We Can t Wait By Martin Luther King, Jr.994 Words   |  4 Pagesacts of violence. The second theme in this narrative is tactics of nonviolence. On page 16, the author discusses how nonviolence is a â€Å"powerful and just† weapon, and refers to it as a â€Å"sword that heals†. These tactics of nonviolence were the first time people had seen acts like these win, which created a successful victory for the Negro Revolution. An example of people’s reactions is present on page 20 when King says, â€Å"Since nonviolent action has entered the scene, however, the white man has gasped

Essay about The War of Rebellion The Civil War - 1260 Words

The Civil War was a very significant war that resulted in making the nation and the government stronger. Peculiarly both sides had very different views on what caused the war, what they wanted out of the war, and what the war meant resulting in what is considered the bloodiest war in America’s history, around six hundred thousand Confederate and Union soldiers died in battle. What did they all die for though? Depending on whether you were from the North or the South the answer to this question would vary. In fact, evidence from the speeches of leaders on both sides proves that each side had a very different meaning for the war and wished to achieve very different outcomes. Contrary to what I originally believed this war much more than the†¦show more content†¦Stephens even admitted that it was cause of the revolution (Stephens, 120.) It is no coincidence that shortly after President Lincoln was elected the Confederacy was created. His policies on slavery were a big di viding factor when it came to voters in the south. While he expressed that abolishing slavery was never on his agenda he did make it clear that he was going to stop the spread of it out west and contain it to the South where is previously existed. This is not what upset the south though. It was the Lincoln’s and the majority’s view that slaves or African Americans were equal in law to whites (Stephens, 135.) The Union did think slavery was wrong and should be abolished, but they were in no was ready to start a war over it. We see this from Lincoln in his inaugural address when he expresses there will be no conflict unless the South creates one. (Lincoln, 1861, 14) The Union blamed the South as the cause for the war. Their immature response to not getting what they wanted from the government is what started the conflict the day they attacked Fort Sumter. So basically it would appear that the South blamed the North for threatening to stop slavery and the North blames t he South for not seeing how wrong slavery was and creating the conflict in the first place. It was clear that the South was fighting for their right to own slaves, but what I didn’t realize was that theShow MoreRelatedThe War Of Rebellion And The Civil War926 Words   |  4 Pagesand differences that led to the civil war. The main being that the South wanted to keep on with slavery while the North did not. The civil war, also known as the War of Rebellion, began on April 12, 1861, and the last battle was on May 13, 1865. There was over three million soldiers fighting for the Confederates and the Union combined. There was around 600,000 casualties during this war, more on the Unions side. Abraham Lincoln played a big part in the Civil War considering that he was the presidentRead MoreJohn Locke And His Ideas Of Rebellion During The English Civil War2071 Words   |  9 Pageshis ideas of rebellion during the English civil war which took place in the mid-1600s, in favor of the revolts against the King’s rule in England at the time. John Locke graduated with a degree in medicine from Oxford University. He spent his entire life living in England until he was exiled to Holland, after the English government found his writings on the freedom from religion to be defiant of the king’s authority. The main idea that Locke was trying to establish was that rebellions against tyrannicalRead MoreSir I And His Archbishop Of Canterbury William Laud1649 Words   |  7 Pagesagainst this religious policy. The Scottish rebellion can be viewed as sowing the seeds for civil war in England by 1642 by fracturing that delicate and fragile union of the Three Kingdoms created by James I. However, there other factors which must be considered when looking at the causes of the civil war; these include Charles I’s financial policy, his religious policy in England, the Irish problem and finally his personality itself. The Scottish rebellion had a direct impact on Charles’s reign inRead MoreFirst Essay965 Words   |  4 Pagescommunist government to survive war and rebellion in the years 1918-1922. The communist government survived war and rebellion because of a variety of key figures including Lenin. However to say that Lenin was important is speculative, there were many events that occurred which Lenin didn’t contribute to which helped the communist government survive. It is possible to think that Lenin was not important in enabling the communist government to survive war and rebellion because of the kronstadt revoltRead MoreCivil Wars : The Most Common Form Of War1683 Words   |  7 Pages Even though it seems like war and violence are a widespread and common occurrence nowadays due to the media, in reality, we currently live in one of the most peaceful times in history. The prevalence of war is decreasing, especially between different countries. Even though the prevalence of wars is decreasing, civil wars are the most common form of war nowadays and surpasses the other types of war in the world. Over the course of time, civil wars have changed in a variety of ways. Not only has theRead MoreThe Battle Of The Confederate Flag954 Words   |  4 Pages Thomas Jefferson’s motto, â€Å"Rebellion to Tyrants is Obedience to God†, that originates from the Declaration of Independence sparked rebellious characters in U. S. History. Society has delineated the definition of rebel in several ways. Many, in the new era, do not know the history behind the meaning of a true rebel. The definition of rebel has changed in America from patriot in the time of the American R evolutionary war to confederate in the Civil War and to redneck in today’s societal controversyRead MoreThe Rise Of The Qing Dynasty852 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the years 1851-1866 there was massive civil war, or as some would consider it, a rebellion in China. This period of turmoil â€Å"was not only the most destructive war of the nineteenth century, but likely the bloodiest civil war of all time.† (Platt, 2012) The ruling government was the Qing dynasty, who had been in power since the mid 1600’s. There were widespread problems throughout the country including natural disasters such as â€Å"droughts, famines, and floods.† (Robert Worden, 1988) There wereRead MoreA People’s History: We Take Nothing by Conquest, Thank God, Slavery Without Submission, Emancipation Without Freedom the Other Civil War1464 Words   |  6 PagesA People’s History: We Take Nothing by Conquest, Thank God, Slavery Without Submission, Emancipation Without Freedom amp; The Other Civil War Chapter eight discusses the Mexican-American War. Zinn argues that while some people have represented the war as a popular cause, the truth was fairly different. He mentions that President James Polk pushed an expansionist agenda to excuse his conquest of Mà ©xico, and the press supported his actions by lying about the conflict and popular responseRead MoreModernization Of A Progressive Transition From A Modern Society1334 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelopment. China had been through various wars and movements from the late 19th century until the mid 20th century before the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. Before the modernization of China, two major rebellions, which happened in the late 1900s had implicated strongly on her modernization process. One of the major rebellions, which affected deeply on China’s modernization process is the Taiping Rebellion (1850 – 1864), a massive civil war in the southern China that againstRead MoreThe Events That Caused The Civil War1688 Words   |  7 Pages The Events That Caused the Civil War One could argue that the true causes of the Civil War were states’ rights and taxations. Although this played a large part in the start of the Civil War, slavery was the ultimate factor that led to this event in history. Economic and social differences between the north and the south, fights between slave and non-slave proponents, the growth of the abolition movement, and the election of Abraham Lincoln are all events having to do with slavery in the United States

Ethical Reaction Accounting To the Dilemma †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About the Ethical Reaction Accounting To the Dilemma? Answer: Introduction: The process of simulation of the human intelligence as performed especially by the computers is referred to as the AI or Artificial Intelligence. The self-driving cars, autonomous in nature, outfitted with AI, have been conducting in-depth learning just like human brains (Deng, 2015). It has been felt that the implementation of such cars in real life could give birth to risks. However, there lie various expectations from such advanced technology. For the purpose of the given case study, ethical dilemmas, responses and values confronting AI are assessed. Ethical dilemma confronting AI: As the laws are unable to guide, returning to the moral compass is observed. Some of the ethical dilemmas identified are regarding: The Trolley Problem: Autonomous cars might face some no-win situations. Operating programs of them is expected to choose the lesser evil. However, it is an unreasonable faith to presume that the programming would sort the problems without any deliberate discussion on ethics. Human beings never think much regarding the difficult and uncomfortable choices to save others lives, but programmers have to do detailed analysis on that. Ethics regarding number of life of people in danger is incomplete and nave (Conitzer et al., 2017). Conflicting values, duties and rights come into play here. The road ahead: The responsibilities of the automated cars must vary. Some of the AI cars could be obligated in dangerous situations to sacrifice themselves with their occupants. Others might not do such. For common sense in risk, the insurance is the ultimate line of defense. There is an argument that insurance industries would go belly-up as the risk of insurance against gets minimized (Bonnefon, Shariff Rahwan, 2016). The susceptibility of the cars to hacking is a concern. The way it would behave under hijack or breaking in is likely to be seen. Ethical response to the dilemma according to the consequences alone: For obvious reasons there have been no-win scenarios. This has been really bad for both the AI consultant and customers of the cars. As any human driver makes any fatal snap-decision during emergency, it would be just a tragic accident. The driver would be hard-pressed to be blamed upon. However, if any AI driver performs the same mistake it stays no longer any unfortunate reflex. It is like a premeditated homicide. The AI consultant must suggest the cars to be programmed such that its behavior is purposely trained or scripted. Hence there lies imposition for the legal liability (Burton et al., 2017). There are ethical responses as any automaker thinks that it would be better to choose one persons life than more than one. It could be said that there has been decision to be assumed right. However, if decided systematically the protection to the driver is ber alles be faulted. This is especially in such cases where the decision of design has been made by consulting the AI consultants in secret unilaterally. Ethical response to those dilemma according the principles and duties of AI consultant: The first problem about the ethical response according to any consistent principle applications is that the futures of the AI-cars are unpredictable. However, the AI consultants have various tasks required to perform. One part of the issue is the lack of imagination of the AI consultants. The responsibilities of the AI consultants have been in the horseless carriage level of the technology. They have been aware of describing the technology as they are not rather than fighting over what they have been truly (Casey, 2017). The AI-cars has not been replacing the human drivers just like the human drivers when fist came into being did not replace the horses. The decision of the AI consultants would impact the automating transportation. This would the change our society in radical approaches. Only ethics could help guiding it. Ethical response to the dilemma according response of caring persons: The assistive technologies for the disabled and the aging populations have been pioneered by various researches. However there have been risks regarding the dependency of the assistance of artificial intelligence companions for the caring persons. Regarding the autonomous cars, the researches should ask cogent queries about the usage of its creations. The ethics at the interface of the robot-human is required to be addressed. Ethical does about human beings and for the machines are needed to be analyzed. It has been a serious subject of concern for various growing nations. There should be legislations targeting the issues of AI cars. There should be professional ethical codes for the designers of robots and the engineers like other disciplines (Malle et al., 2015). As per as caring of persons are concerned issues must be factorized regarding deployment, building and designing of robots. The ACS Code of Professional Conduct: An important professional characteristic is been required for the members to follow the ethical codes. The code of ACS, has been established as professional conducting code as a part of the regulations in the society. These could be applied to any member of the ACS. Working in the area of ICT or Information and communication technology, has determined six fundamental ethical values. Along with these necessities for the professional conducts are included. The society has been demanding the members to follow the values and acts with integrity and responsibilities. The code has been intended as a collection of rule for the acceptable models to be practiced in the ICT industry. It has been backed up by the advisory materials for particular fields like artificial intelligence (Bostrom Yudkowsky, 2014). The artificially intelligent cars have been now able to tackle various everyday tasks. The technologies have been continuing to evolve. With the tackling of different jobs it has been overthrowing the employers working on those specific tasks. However, various organizations have been embracing such tasks saving energies. The human beings have been lying over the edge of the inflation point. The self driving cars have been come out on todays roads, the harbingers of the driverless world. The world of the self-driving cars has been appealing for certain reasons as discussed in a session of ACS strategy. The time wasted over traffic could be put for better usages (Bringsjord Sen, 2016). Despite these, the world wide usage of the autonomous cars indicates that professional drivers would be thrown out of their professions. There would be millions of truck drivers that have been standing to lose their work as the self-driving cars become a norm. Provide defenses on ethical grounds: The AI has been able to collect and assess videos from various users. Thus they could alert them about the potential dangers. The gathered information could send to a network, using real-time interpretation. This has been done for anticipating the smartest action course for the cars minimizing harms or doing away with the accidents completely. It would also be able to alert other drivers as detected by another user or included in any crash. The AI delivers the pivotal connection between the autonomous future and contemporary vehicles. Presently, most of the cars do not involve the continuous functioning sensors or cameras which could sort the accident avoidance or detection (Stock, Guerini Pianesi, 2016). However, various organizations are looking for such technologies. These would become reality in the years to come. Thus various benefits could be provided by such autonomous vehicles avoiding accidents on the roads. Solving of the ethical dilemma by AI consultants: The self-driving cars could help in putting an end to the quantity of tragic incidents with serious injuries occurring more often in the current world. Regardless the quantity and quality of self-resistance and crash-avoidable functionalities the car may possess, it is urged to be urged to the drivers from the side of AI consultants to drive responsible with caution. The AI consultant should observe certain points (Etzioni Etzioni, 2016). Making sure that the driver is sober: As drink is consumed, it is not suggested to go beyond the wheel-period. Being well rested before starting journey: Like the drunk driving, the fatigue driving could be just as dangerous as it. Following the posted laws of traffic: The rules are meant for keeping the system and others secured. Paying attention on the roads: Every distraction must be put away like the cell phones. Avoiding the road rage: Keeping the anger and emotions in control is desired. Otherwise it could result in dangerous outcomes while driving (Etzioni Etzioni, 2016). Conclusion: As the autonomous cars have been becoming widespread, questions have been arising regarding security. This also includes the assurance that the technology is safe and tested properly before releasing on roads. The vehicles with their connected infrastructure create scopes for attacks. There have been also various questions regarding ethics. The automated cars have been promising high profits and undesired consequences difficult to indicate. Changes are inescapable and it has been not necessarily a poor factor by itself. However, the main damages and disruptions are to be avoided and anticipated wherever possible. This is responsibilities of ethics in the public policies as indicated by the ACS code of conduct. It could make the path for better future. However, it could also turn wreck as it is not kept looking ahead. References: Bonnefon, J. F., Shariff, A., Rahwan, I. (2016). The social dilemma of autonomous vehicles.Science,352(6293), 1573-1576. Bostrom, N., Yudkowsky, E. (2014). The ethics of artificial intelligence.The Cambridge Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, 316-334. Bringsjord, S., Sen, A. (2016). On Creative Self-Driving Cars: Hire the Computational Logicians, Fast.Applied Artificial Intelligence,30(8), 758-786. Burton, E., Goldsmith, J., Koenig, S., Kuipers, B., Mattei, N., Walsh, T. (2017). Ethical considerations in artificial intelligence courses.arXiv preprint arXiv:1701.07769. Casey, B. J. (2017). Amoral Machines, or: How Roboticists Can Learn to Stop Worrying and Love the Law. Conitzer, V., Sinnott-Armstrong, W., Borg, J. S., Deng, Y., Kramer, M. (2017). Moral Decision Making Frameworks for Artificial Intelligence. Deng, B. (2015). THE ROBOT'S DILEMMA.Nature,523(7558), 24. Etzioni, A., Etzioni, O. (2016). AI assisted ethics.Ethics and Information Technology,18(2), 149-156. Etzioni, A., Etzioni, O. (2017). Incorporating Ethics into Artificial Intelligence.The Journal of Ethics, 1-16. Malle, B. F., Scheutz, M., Arnold, T., Voiklis, J., Cusimano, C. (2015, March). Sacrifice one for the good of many?: People apply different moral norms to human and robot agents. InProceedings of the tenth annual ACM/IEEE international conference on human-robot interaction(pp. 117-124). ACM. Russell, S., Dewey, D., Tegmark, M. (2015). Research priorities for robust and beneficial artificial intelligence.AI Magazine,36(4), 105-114. Stock, O., Guerini, M., Pianesi, F. (2016, February). Ethical dilemmas for adaptive persuasion systems. InProceedings of the Thirtieth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence(pp. 4157-5161). AAAI P

The Cocktail Waitress Analysis free essay sample

Spradley and Mann chose to do their research at Brady’s bar because it is an ordinary setting where they could study interactions between male and female. First, Brady’s Bar provided a setting to define the female role. Secondly, it is a place where both male and female interactions are important and reflect traditional aspects of larger society. Lastly, the traditional aspects of Brady’s signified the traditional view of how women should present themselves as passive sex objects whose status is of lower hierarchy than men. There are three ethnographical principles that guided the study at Brady’s Bar. The first principle states that â€Å"Every human group creates its own reality, a shared culture† (6). This concept was put in place throughout the research by gaining an understanding of the waitress’s backgrounds before working at Brady’s and studying how the employees work and view their status to the bar. We will write a custom essay sample on The Cocktail Waitress Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This principle was also applied when the researchers studied the setting of the bar and how the employees, customers, and waitress interacted with one another. The second principle states that â€Å"Everyone takes their own culture for granted† (7). This principle was applied when studying the male and female roles at Brady’s, the many verbal and non-verbal interactions that occurred between the waitresses, bartenders, and customers, and through the language that was used at Brady’s. The last principle that guided the research done at Brady’s bar states that â€Å"There is frequently more than one cultural perspective for any social situation. This principle was applied when researching the differences between male and female customers, male and female roles, male and female tasks, and when studying the differences between regular customers and customers off the street. Each of these people viewed the social situation differently and was shown through their actions. 2. During the investigation at Brady’s Bar there were five research objections. The first objective was to study the division of labor that took place at Brady’s by examining the major tasks of the cocktail waitresses and the other employees. At Brady’s the jobs done by male and female employees signified their position as either male or female. Although, sometimes the waitresses were granted the opportunity to do a male’s work, men never did the women’s work. Researching this particular objective showed that the role of the cocktail waitresses was to always ensure that they present themselves in a way that does not justify the men’s status of hierarchy. The next research objective was analyzing the formal structure of Brady’s bar, the social networks that that took place, and how the social structure reinforces the male and female values in American culture. Due to the fact that there are a variety of customers who all present themselves differently, the waitresses must be able to identify these differences and appropriately interact with each of them. With this, it is important that the waitress is aware of the social hierarchy that is presented at Brady’s and also where she stands in this hierarchy The third objective that was researched at Brady’s Bar was the joking relationship that took place in order to resolve the structural conflict. The structural conflict presented at Brady’s is due to the waitress’s low status in the bar. She is always to ensure that the bartender is satisfied even if it makes her job harder. Although, she may have hard feelings about this, the joking relationship between the waitresses and bartenders helps to create a positive bond between them. The bonds that form from this joking relationship, helps the waitress feel at ease, respect the bartenders, and creates a sense of dependency to the bartenders. The fourth objective researched at Brady’s was to examine the nature of territory at the bar and how it affects the waitress and other female customers. In Brady’s territory is split between the bartenders, the waitresses, and the customers. The bartender’s territory is behind the bar, the waitress’s territory is the waitress station, and the customer’s territory is the rest of the space. The space given to the bartenders is secluded to only them and is only, rarely, invaded with his approval. Whereas, the space provided for the waitress’s is often invaded by both the costumers and the bartenders. Even though the space given to the customers is also where the waitress must work it is often hard for the waitress to move through customers due to their carelessness of her presence. When the waitress’s space is invaded or when they are held back from doing their job they must always remain passive. The last objective researched at Brady’s was to determine the ways that people ask for drinks and how these ways reflect nteractions between male and female. Drinks are asked for in several ways that often make the waitress’s job much harder. In order to serve the customer to his/her satisfaction the waitress must have knowledge of all drinks served at Brady’s, be able to make corrections on any order that is stated incorrectly, give orders to the bartender in the correct way, and respond to interactions appropriately. Again, this objective shows that the role of the waitress is to ensure the satisfaction of the bartender as well the customer in any given situation. The authors used participant observation and interview to do this research. I think the method of field work that provided the most insightful information was the method of participant observation. By watching how each person communicated, in any given setting, the authors were able to clearly show how the male and female roles varying within the bar and the meaning behind these roles. With this, by studying the interactions of people within Brady’s the authors were also able to show how these stereotypes of male and female roles are presented in the aspects of verbal and non-verbal communication. . I would define bar culture as an experience for males and females to interact in a community of people who are all present for similar reasons. Bar culture is adaptive and is expressed by patterns of learned behaviors and shared behaviors. There are many types of customers that go to bars and each one has the ability to experience bar life. Weather the person is new to the bar; he/she can easily learn how to act appropriately in many different situations by simply observing the behaviors of others around them. Although, bar culture is a place to provide such experiences, it also establishes hierarchies and presents symbolism between male and female roles that are also present in everyday culture. Bar culture follows the philosophical views of idealism and materialism through its social structure. Lastly, bar culture provides a place where people can express their human agency. This is because at the bar, people are able to take control of their life in ways they may not be able to in their everyday lives. 4. I have chosen Sharon and Denise to compare and contrast. First, Sharon is the only waitress at Brady’s who has experience in working in a bar and has worked at Brady’s Bar much longer than any of the other girls. Sharon had two jobs, one at Brady’s Bar and the other as a secretary for Acme Insurance Company. Sharon did not attend college and did not enjoy her job at the insurance company nor interact with the employees there. Her job at the insurance company was much different than at Brady’s. She was not used to the language or interactions that she faced at Brady’s when she first started but she quickly got used to it. Brady’s offered a family and she enjoyed working there much more then at her other job. Other waitresses at Brady’s often looked to Sharon for advice or information due to the fact that she had been working there much longer. Sharon was liked by most of the girls but did not get too involved in personal interactions with them. Because Sharon had been working at Brady’s longer than the other girls, she felt she had more authority on calling the shots for which part of the bar she wanted to work in. This often annoyed the girls. Although, Sharon quickly learned how to interact with customers, by not going to college she may have struggled a little more than other girls because college can help people loosen up around others they don’t know or situations they are unsure of. Denise, on the other hand, attended college and applied for the job at Brady’s while she was working at a bank. Brady’s was her first experience as a cocktail waitress. On her first day, she felt scared and unsure of herself. Like Sharon, Denise did not know how to handle the language or the customers. She was unsure of how she was supposed to work in an environment that was as dark as Brady’s. As the night went on, she quickly become accustomed to the dark atmosphere. At first it was hard for her to acquire all the skills necessary to complete her tasks as a waitress. Soon enough, just as Sharon, she was able to perform as a â€Å"good† waitress would and learned how to deal with customers. Unlike Sharon, Denise may have had an easier time adjusting to customers and certain situations because she attended college and may have been exposed to similar situations. 5. The relationship between the waitress’s and their managers is important when working at Brady’s Bar. Since the managers are at the top of the hierarchy, the waitresses must serve to his satisfaction. All the girls at Brady’s respect the managers and pay close attention to their presence and instructions. The waitresses rarely come in contact with the managers, unless he is also a bartender, but when they do, they are all aware of his importance. If a manager is also a bartender the girls will submit to his authority but may also talk back or argue with him. The managers may watch the girls working and give them compliments or any other feedback necessary. If given a compliment by the manager, the waitress feels a strong sense of gratitude. If the manager does otherwise, the waitress still remains gracious and assertive to his requests. The relationship between the waitresses and the bartenders is similar to the relationships between the managers and waitresses. Since he is a bartender, the waitresses are able to talk back, argue, or joke with him but will still obey by his rules because he is of higher status then the waitresses. The relationship between them is often very strong because they each depend on each other in order to do their job and also for moral support. Although, the bartenders may joke or tease the waitresses, they provide her with a sense of acceptance and appreciation by giving her compliments or emphasizing his role as a care taker when needed. The relationships between the male customers and the waitresses vary depending on the type of customer. If the customer is considered to be a regular of the bar, she will accept any sexual remarks he may direct toward her rather than perceive the situation as inappropriate or annoying. Often times she will spend more time with a regular customer than a customer off the street. When a regular enters the bar she notices him and automatically brings him his usual drink or another drink if asked too. Regular customers also create a sense of dependency for the waitresses because they will also play the care taker role if needed. If the customer is a male off the street the relationship is not as significant. The waitresses will satisfy his needs but in a less direct way then regular customers. If a male customer off the street is inappropriate she will passively reject his attempt and may avoid the customer as much as possible. Whether the customer is a regular male customer or just a male customer off the street, the relationship between them and the waitresses is much stronger than any relationship between her and the women customers. This is because men make serving drinks much easier than women. The relationships between the waitresses and her female customers are much different than the other relationships. This is because females make the waitress’s job difficult due to their inability to order drinks simply, without a lot of questions. Also, female customers do not order in rounds, they pay separately, and are never satisfied. When waitresses receive a table of girls they are not pleased. The waitresses often refer to the female customers in negative connotations and do not spend as much time tending to them as they do with male customers. Relationships between the waitresses and her male employees, and the relationships between her and the female and male customers are significant to her work and status. The relationships may make her feel comfortable or uncomfortable and may make her job easier or harder. Unlike, the presence of women, the male presence is always dominant at Brady’s and is to be kept that way. This hidden rule defines the role of the waitresses and with the help of her many relationships she is able to appropriately present herself under any circumstance. 6. When asking for a drink at Brady’s Bar, there are several ways to go about this. First, men may ask for drinks while invading the waitress’s space by touching them or by using sexual remarks. If the waitress is not close enough to them the men may speak quietly so she has to bend over and they are then able to touch her. Even after the waitress rejects him he may continue this type of behavior throughout the night. Asking for drinks in this manner makes the male customer feel that he is achieving qualities of manliness. With this, the men are able to express their fantasies while gaining acceptance into the manhood that is present at Brady’s. Secondly, tone of voice is significant when asking for a drink. Asking for a drink in the right tone of voice may help the customer achieve his/her goals. For example, when a customer ask for a drink in a quiet unconfident way the waitress may sense that he/she is either not yet experienced in bar life or that he/she is underage. By asking for a drink with a confident tone of voice the customer might hide the fact that he/she is underage or not yet experienced. With this, the type of drink that is order also signifies the customer’s knowledge of bar life and again achieve his/her goals. As a man in the bar it is important to present himself in the right way to ensure his manliness and acceptance. By asking for the right drink with the correct tone he is able to achieve these important qualities. Next, ordering the â€Å"right† drink is important for men to ensure their manliness. If a man was to order a girl drink, such as a Pink Lady, he would be perceived as weird or girly furthermore masking his manly qualities. By ordering a girly drink for someone else the man ordering feels powerful for the fact that he is joking about homosexuality in front of the waitress and other members of the bar. Because this is done in a humorous content no one has doubt about the masculinity of the man ordering or receiving the drink. Reciprocal exchange is another that customers can ask for drinks. This type of order is when a customer will order a drink for another person in the bar for whatever reason. This implies that the customer knows other people in the bar; furthermore, expressing their ties amongst the social networks at Brady’s. By giving or receiving drinks, both customers have announced their membership and gain acceptance. When a customer is a regular he/she may order drinks nonverbally simply through his/her presence or through a gesture of the hand or by nodding the head. Asking for a drink in this fashion announces his/her status to the bar. On occasion male customers may chose to express their drinking habits through drinking contests. Participating in a drinking contest proves that the customer can handle his alcohol and has social ties with others in the bar. Drinking contests symbolize his masculine traits through his willingness to compete and ability to hold his alcohol. Drinking contests brings male customers together, while women customers never participate in such contests. Finally, location is important when trying to achieve a high status, masculine qualities, or when trying to express one’s experience to bar life. Sitting at the bar implies that he is a man and is not to be questioned. Sitting at a table implies that the drinker has less experience or in certain cases the drinker is not of age. Women rarely never sit at the bar because they do not perceive bar life in the same meaning as men. 7. Tasks performed by male and female employees at Brady’s Bar are significant to the gender stereotyping we often see in our everyday lives. Men are giving roles that are perceived as more important roles and women are giving roles that are less importance and support the men’s roles. At Brady’s the waitress’s tasks include taking orders, giving orders, collecting payments, clearing empty tables, and emptying ash trays. The men’s tasks include taking orders from customers located at the bar, serving those customers, washing empty glasses, handling the money or other business transactions, and tidying the bar counter. While women express gratitude when giving the opportunity to do a man’s work, the men never do the women’s work because it would degrade their manly status. Within these tasks, there are other smaller tasks that are also performed. For example, the waitress not only needs to remember the drinks that have been ordered but she needs to present the order in a way that makes it easier for the bartender. She also has to do any other tasks that are asked by the bartender. Although, the customer is of importance, the bartender is always first priority. When bringing drinks back to the table she must also try to squeeze her way through customers without spilling any drinks. Unlike, the tasks performed by the waitresses, the men’s job stay the same each day and he is never asked to do anything other than his normal duties. 8. Although, this research was done in 1970 I believe that the author’s findings about gender roles, stereotyping, social positions, and statuses of men and women remain true in today’s culture. For example, men today are still getting paid more than women even if the woman qualifies for the job in the exact same way as the man does. This is because the roles of men in the workforce are still considered more important than the women’s roles in the workforce. There is still a hidden rule that takes place today stating that women should present themselves as passive but efficient in any situation. While men are able to inappropriately touch women or make sexual remarks, women are not supposed to seem appalled by it though they have been clearly disrespected. Men usually dominate most social interactions weather at home, work, or in a bar. 9. I enjoyed reading this book because I feel the ethnography was done very well. The authors provided good information and explained the reasons for doing such studies thoroughly while also explaining the message of the research very well. The ethnography was very structured and captured many observations that can be transformed to American culture and our everyday lives.

All The Shahs Men and Iranian History essays

All The Shah's Men and Iranian History essays The national history of Iran is one marked by turmoil and conflict, due mostly in part to foreign influences. As the country grappled for self-rule under the leadership of Mossadegh, Britain, and America each tried to intervene with different motives. In the aftermath of World War Two and the rise of American power coinciding with British imperial collapse, a country with such a valuable resource, oil, was sure not to be overlooked. However, the time for American imperialism had passed. The intervention of America and Britain in Iran was based on entirely different motives, some of which the world had never seen. In the end, America as a superpower emerged in an unusual way basing intervention not on the future of the oil, but the threat of communism. The events of the 1950s had brought new ideas, motives, and actions to the table. British dominance in Iran is a history of exploitation and control. In the early 19th century, the leaders of the country sold their rights of land to different countries, mainly Russia and Britain, because of greed and want of jewels. When all was said and done, the British controlled almost all aspects of the country except for the military. When oil was finally found, the British built a huge monopoly over the resource. This was a last ditch effort to remain a world power as their empire collapsed. They mistreated the workers and gained more and more profit as all the Iranians fell into severe poverty. The British manipulated the leaders through threats and stifled the Iranian voice by taking the record books out of their hands and cheating them out of a lot of money. They thought the Iranians were ignorant people who were only benefiting from British control. The White Man's Burden logic came into play as Britain said: "it was British skill and effort which discovered th e oil and organized markets so that they Iranians could find profit" (88). In reality, "all of Iran's misery, corruption, an...

Human Resource - Selection methods in recruitment Essay

Human Resource - Selection methods in recruitment - Essay Example Thus, no matter how brilliant its managers, even the largest companies won’t last long without a competent workforce at its disposal. In this light, it should be easy to understand why so many employers, managers and HR personnel focus on recruitment and personnel selection. The two often go hand in hand, with Muchinsky (2012) defining personnel selection as the process by which individuals are hired and/or promoted. Selection systems are often used in this regard, and are aimed at assessing knowledge, skills, ability and other characteristics (KSAOs) possessed by applicants. Personality tests are also important. Bangerter et al (2011) notes that, all other factors being equal, the employees most ideal for an organization are those that share its goals and possess a personality type conducive to the environment of that organization. In short, personality tests would have the most utility in pinpointing those employees that possess the above characteristics. While their utility has been downplayed by Brian Amble (2007), not least because most tests have a caveat where applicants can simply fake their answers, it should be self-evident that, in the first place, personality tests are never meant to be used alone in the hiring process. Rather, it is when combined with other methods of selection, such as intelligence testing and interviews, that they become most effective. With what has been discussed so far, the manner in which these tests are intended to be used should be clear. While intelligence tests are meant to provide an accurate prediction of an employee’s ability to carry out his tasks, personality tests pinpoint his disposition as he goes about his duties, and his compatibility with the organization as a whole. Generally speaking, well-roundedness is the way to go here; employees who lack basic job competencies are not likely to be of much use, to the organization, while those extremely skilled at what they do, but are not very good with peo ple, may end up alienating customers they come into direct contact with. This particular paper, then, focuses on the use of personality tests and cognitive ability tests, otherwise known as IQ tests, and the importance of both to an organization’s success. IQ Tests As the term itself implies, an intelligence quotient or IQ test is a standardized test geared towards the assessment of intelligence. Modern tests often have the average score within a given age group set to 100, with standard deviation pegged at 15. Some argue that IQ is, in fact, inherited from one’s parents, but Johnson et al (2009) have yet to conclusively predict how likely this is to be the case. As noted in the preceding sections, the results of such tests have been found to have greater accuracy at predicting job performance as compared to one’s academic performance as a student. IQ is said to be in direct proportion with job performance (Henderson, 2007). Regardless of the particular job or t he work involved therein, those with higher IQ are said to be more competent at the tasks assigned to them. Additionally, people with higher IQ also have the potential to prosper in a wide variety of situations, and can be employed at most levels without much issue, in contrast to how people possessing IQ in the lower ranges are

Green Grid Computing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Green Grid Computing - Essay Example Initially, The Green Grid has formed four initial technical working groups - Data Collection and Analysis, Data Center Technology and Strategy, Data Center Operations, and Data Center Metrics and Measurements - comprised of experts from the founding companies and open to others interested in participating. Other work groups may be developed as needs are identified. In addition, the group will engage with end-users in meaningful two-way dialog and work with other organizations, governmental bodies, and NGOs to provide a comprehensive and holistic view of data center energy efficiency (See: . The collective viewpoint of Green Grid members is that energy efficiency in the data center is the most significant issue facing technology providers and their customers today. This situation is not only due to exponential increases in power and cooling costs over the past few years, but also because customer demand for concentrated computing is outpacing the availability of clean reliable power in many places around the world. The Green Grid is the first industry initiative chartered to take a holistic view of the computing ecosystem, with a focus on addressing the pressing issues facing data center users (Green Consortium, Feb 2007). On the other hand, The Green Grid is an ambitious project to create a shared high-performance computing infrastructure for science and engineering at Dartmouth College. The Green Grid was created with the support of the Dean of the Faculty of Arts & Sciences to promote collaborative computing for the entire Dartmouth community.  

Techniques in Immunocytochemistry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Techniques in Immunocytochemistry - Essay Example After that, both slides were incubated in a medium containing diaminobenzidine (DAB). The sections were mounted with a minimal volume of the aqua mount and were then visualized under a light microscope. The tissue that was incubated with primary antibody was given a blue nucleus with a brown colored background; this indicates the presence of the target antigen (Griffins, 2011). Immunocytochemistry is a common laboratory technique that makes use of antibodies to target specific antigens in a cell via specific epitopes (an epitope is the part of an antigen that is recognized by antibodies). These bound antibodies can then be detected by using many different methods. The antigen is bound by a primary antibody, which is then amplified by use of a secondary antibody. The secondary antibody can be an enzyme that is conjugated. Immunocytochemistry binds antibodies that are specific reagents and allow unique detection of proteins and molecules. It is a valuable tool for the determination of cellular content from individual cells (Gillian et al., 2011). The tissue sections of the cardiac myosin were cut and fixed in acetone. After this, the slides were unwrapped and each slide was placed in a plastic petri-dish. The two plastic Petri-dishes were labeled; one was the control and the other the antibody. A piece of paper was put underneath each slide to form a humidity chamber. The tissue sections were blocked by adding two drops. A PBS buffer containing three percent BSA was introduced and then the tissue incubated at room temperature for five minutes. After that, the excess medium was tipped and the zone around the tissue section was wiped dry with paper toweling.  

Software Piracy Essay -- History, Dan Sokol

Many years have passed since the first pirates emerged on the sea, but they still exist and have extended their scope of action. Meaning of the word ‘’pirate’’ has changed and now can be defined as the person who illegally makes a copy of someone’s property. Music, films, books and software on hard media can be pirated by consumers. According to Gopal and Sanders (1998 381) software piracy is the operation of simulating original software which is against the law for any purpose. Such illegal acts could seriously affect industry and society. For instance, losses of software industry profits because of piracy were $12.8 billion in 1993 (Austin American-Statesman 1994), it shows that a large number of software products were pirated. Therefore, piracy is a major problem for the advance of the software industry and consumers. This essay will cover causes and effects of software piracy. There are four main reasons why the piracy of software is easy and wid espread, economic development, legislation, reliability of pirated copies and consumer’s attitude. Software piracy has the intellectual impact on society and the financial effect on the industry. This essay also will provide the combat process and analyze some proposed solutions in order to determine the effective solution. The history of software piracy starts from 1975, when Dan Sokol, who was a member of Homebrew Computer Club, copied the version of the programming language BASIC (Leinss n.d.). Since then, piracy seems to have increased by years. For instance, Givon et al. (1995 29) state that 40% of software was pirated in the United States in 1995. However, as Gopal and Sanders (1998 381) inform the percent of illegal copies there, had risen to 70% in 1997. Italy and Spain had ... ... pirated copies and consumer’s attitude were chosen as the root causes. Software piracy problem caused by integration of these factors, for dealing with this problem all causes should be eliminated. Software piracy considered as a problem, because it has a harmful effect for industry and users. It was found that there were some attempts to avoid this issue, but none of them was totally effective. Software piracy is the long-term problem of software industry and solutions of it are very controversial. To reduce the rate of piracy government should think about the level of economy and new legislations, monopolies should experience other protection devices, and consumers should think more about consequences of their choice. However, market and society adapted to existing of software piracy, and piracy seems to be not always bad, because of some benefits for industry.

The Catcher in The Rye: Depression Catcher

American Lit 12, March 2012 Depression Catcher Do you have helpless outlook on your life? One minute it's an outburst of anger. The next you're crying uncontrollably. Do you need help? The Catcher In The Rye is a novel based of the main character’s point of view, his name is Holden Caulfield. Set in 1950s New York and California, where Holden is a mental hospital telling us, the readers, about his few days after leaving Pency. The movie Ferris’ Bullers Day Off , also set in Chicago, is a movie based in the 1980s. Ferris makes his friends skip school and run all around town trying to make Cameron have fun.In both the film and novel, you see many examples of depression and suicidal thoughts from both Holden and Cameron. Teenagers face a lot of pressures, from puberty to questions about who they are and where they fit in. In The Catcher In The Rye, Holden runs away from his fancy high school, Pency, 3 days before break begins. He felt isolated with no friends. â€Å"I alm ost wished I was dead† (48). Holden had just gotten in a fight with his roommate, Stradlater. Now Ackley was trying to have a conversation about the fight with Holden but he keeps talking nonsense to Ackley.In Ferris’ Buellers Day Off, Cameron, Ferris’ best friend always seems to be sick. His family isn’t really in his life and when they are, they seems to only bring him down. In the beging scene of Cameron, he is in bed acting like he’s dying. Holden says: â€Å".. she wouldn't've been the ones that answered the phone. My parents would be the ones. So that was out† (pg. 59). He doesn’t seem to have a great relationship with his parents either. Holden wants to talk to his little sister Pheobe or anyone for that matter. He feels isolated within himself which makes him depressed.Cameron is the same in that he is very awkward and no one really seems to want to be friends with him. Towards the end of the book, Holden takes a visit to see P heope but is unable to find her. He looks in the park and museum. â€Å"The best thing, though, in that museum was that everything always stayed right where it was. Nobody'd move. You could go there a hundred thousand times, and that Eskimo would still be just finished catching those two fish, the birds would still be on their way south, the deer would still be drinking out of that water hole, with their pretty antlers and their pretty, skinny legs, and that squaw with the naked bosom ould still be weaving that same blanket† (pg. 121). Therefore, Holden would love to live in a world where everything stays frozen, where nothing changes. This way, Holden can never grow up to be an adult. Cameron is very mad after they got the car back because of all the miles that were added. He goes in to shock and is unable to move. Ferris and Sloan try their best to get him out of it but he won’t budge. While at the pool, Cameron falls in, almost committing suicide. Ferris jumps in to save.Cameron starts to laugh saying â€Å"I got you good†. Holden goes home to find Pheobe. Phoebe is the only person Holden seems to actually like and have a stable friendship throughout the novel. She is the only one who tries to push him to do better: â€Å"You don't like any schools. You don't like a million things† (pg. 169). When Holden hears this, he becomes upset and states: â€Å"`I do! That's where you're wrong-that's exactly where you're wrong! Why the hell do you have to say that†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ I said. Boy, was she depressing me. Holden and Cameron are depressed teenagers who have suicidal thoughts because of depression. Depression: severe despondency and dejection, accompanied by feeling of hopelessness and inadequacy, a condition of mental disturbance, typicaly with lack of energy and difficulty in maintaining concentration or interest in life. People who are depressed don’t look for a way out. They have zero motivation and are always second guess ing stuff. They think the only way out is death; suicide. Just like what Holden and Cameron seem to feel.

Images of the Nude Male in European Art Essay - 706 Words

The human body, especially the nude male figure, has been a subject of art since the first scratching appeared on cave walls. Stick figures with phalluses denoted the male, procreation and dominance. Archeologists have found evidences proving that the male nude appeared in Egypt in the early Dynastic periods and in early Mesopotamia four thousand years ago. The Greek made the nude into art, and we, the Americans, made it into something commonly referred to as pornography. Until today, nude is still a major subject in art that everyone would have seen a few times, either in display cases of a museum or in greater numbers of male underwear ads. Myself being a boy of the old capital of Vietnam, I grew up with such statues in the†¦show more content†¦In Greek culture, the image of Apollo was believed an archetypal idea for male physical beauty. Unsurprisingly, his female counterpart was Venus. The statue was found in Rome during the 15th century, and you can see the pose is repeatedly used in painting and sculpture over centuries. Many fashion designers are favoring this pose, languid leaner, exists in classical art alongside more heroic models of male beauty (Bordo 406). Apollo stands there solidly, with left hand raising high; his body projects strength, solidity; hes no male waif (Bordo 392). He calmly looks straight at you as i f daring you to offend him. And of course, his penis is invisible, a symbol of malehood. Unlike the Romans, the Greek had no problem with getting naked. They did not cover their private parts with a leaf or clothes, they showed it all. One of the most famous statues of all time is the statue of David of Michelangelo. David stands 13 feet 5 inches high. The creation of the piece happened during the Renaissance, the rebirth of classical ideas. At that time, Florence needed a centerpiece to represent the city. The colossal piece of marble had been awaiting a sculptor who could do something with it for many years. Inside this piece of marble, Michelangelo saw young and powerful David. The image of David was chose to reflect theShow MoreRelatedChapter 3 Summary, Ways of Seeing Essay705 Words   |  3 Pagesof his book, â€Å"Ways of Seeing†, John Berger argues that in western nude art and present day media, that women are largely shown and treated as objects upon whom power is asserted by men either as figures in the canvas or as spectators. Berger’s purpose is to make readers aware of how the perception of women in the art so that they will recognize the evolution of western cultured art. 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